


*5^#«- 




Class 



'^^4. 



Copyright N^ 



COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT. 



THr tlBRARY CMf 
CONGRESS, 

Tuo Copies Received 

AUG. 14 1902 

nCOPVTHQHT ENTHV 

Ci.*SS Ct- XXO. No. 
CDFY 8. » 



v?!^ 



Copyright, iqo2, 

BY 

The Kingston Board of Trade. 



"^Nets^ 



THE 



City of Kingston 



BIRTH PLACE OF HEW YORK STATE. 



A bit of its early hiistory, its rare qative attractions, 

ar\d its iTioderr\ advar^tages for busir^ess 

arid l^orr\e life, 



HOWARD HENDRICKS. 



I'URLISHliU HY 

THE KINGSTON BOARD OF TRADE. 

PREEMAN PRINT. 




o 

CO 

&^ 
Q 
"A 
< 
> 



C 

1— I 

CO 
1—1 

"A 
O 

e 

(/) 

I— t 

o 



Proeaial 



WHILK this brochure is issued primarily to advance 
the interests of the City of King-ston in every ma- 
terial wav, no departure from the actual facts has 
been permitted on any pag-e of the work. Nothing- has been 
overdrawn or distorted to make a graphic or deceptive 
picture. 

If this descriptive enumeration of the advantages of 
King-ston as a manufacturing point and its many charms as 
a place of homes appears somewhat startling in allurement, 
to the average reader, it only emphasizes the importance and 
need of this little book all the more. Men and women do not 
stop often enoug-h to recount their blessings. Now for the 
first time in the history of this ancient and honored town are 
its varied attractions summarized and presented to the pub- 
lic in this concise and available form. 

For the lack of such information and statistics as have 
been g-athered especially for these pages and are here pre- 
sented for the first time, capitalists and home seekers may 
have been kept away in the past. Casual inquirers, who 
w^ere referred to this Board, received only such incomplete 
information as could be g-iven in an ordinary letter. 

But these pictures are the story of the camera and the 
sunlight, and the letter-press is designed to be alike accurate 
and truthful in the presentation of the facts, without any 
attempt to paint visionary ideals, or weave an\' filmy fabrics 
of a dream. 




< 

u 
O 



z 

I— I 

o 
o 

^J 

z" 

o 

o 
I— I 

'^ 

CI. 

o 

o 
f— I 

P^ 

O 

Ph 




THE OT^D ELM. 



OVKR 250 YEAKS OLD. THIO OLDI<:ST INHABITANT. 
A VI'^CI'-.TAKIAN. 



Historical 



IT is now nearly thi-ee hundred years ag-o when Hendrick 
Hudson first stuck the prow of his old Dutch ship into 

the silvery mouth of the Hudson river. With favoring- 
.g-ales and mariner's skill, he cautiously proceeded up the 
beautiful stream, which was then known by the Indian tribes 
inhabiting- its banks as *' Cahohatatia," meaning-, river of the 
mountains. There is now some dispute among- historical 
writers as to whether this famous English navigator was 
reallv the first white man to visit this part of the New 
World. The probability is that Verrazano, the Italian navi- 
g-ator and explorer, preceded him by 85 years. But without 
stopping- to discuss that question, the records show that 
Hudson and his sailors found nothing but Indians during- 
this exploration of the Hudson river valley. They were in 
sole possession of the entire region, and remained so for long- 
years afterward. 

The next year, IhlO, the East India Company of Holland, 
sent a ship to trade with these aboriginal tribes. And soon 
after this, trading- posts were established at Manhattan, now 
New York, Fort Orange, now Albany, and at other interme- 
•diate points on the river, including Atkarkarton, at the mouth 
•of the Rondout creek. This was afterward called Esopus, 
and is now covered ])y the City of King-ston. It was the 
river outlet of one of the g-reat Indian trails, which led 
through the mountain forests west to the Delaware river. 
This vast wilderness then abounded with game and fur bear- 

9 




THE CITY HALL. 



ing- animals. For this reason Ksopus at once became one of 
the most important trading- posts on the river. 

Under a g-rant of Holland, in lhl4, the United New 
Netherland Company took possession of the Hudson river 
and valley and built forts or redoubts upon it, one at New 
York, one just below Albany, and the other at the mouth of 
the Rondout creek. The reg-ion was then occupied by the 
Alg-onquin Indians, the particular band or tribe in the Ksopus 
reg-ion, becoming- afterwards known as the " Esopus In- 
dians." In 162v), a few months prior to the landing^ of the 




PLAN OF STOCKADE, WILTWVCK, 1()5S. 

Outside lines represent stockade, i. The fortified part. 2. Block-house. 3. Gates to 
fortified part. 4. Outside gates. Double lines inside show streets. 



Pilg^rims at Plymouth Rock, the West India Company suc- 
ceeded to the entire control of this river section. Sharp 
barg-ains were driven with the natives and a very proti table 
traffic ensued. The Island of Manhattan, now part of New 
York, was purchased for S24 by this Dutch Company, and 
Peter Minuit, its first ag^ent, built a house there, becoming- 
the first Governor of the Province. He cultivated friendly 
relations with the savag-es and matters went on amicably for 

II 




THE FIRST REFORMED DUTCH CHURCH, 

WALL AND MAIN STREETS. 



some years. But in 1638, under Governor Kieft, all was 
chang-ed. His despotic and dishonest rule aroused great 
hostility among- the Indian occupants and owners of the land. 
An attempt was made to levy tribute upon them which was 
bitterly opposed. Kieft then proposed a war of extermina- 
tion, and all manner of depredation upon their crops and 
lands Avas permitted without reg-ard to rig-ht or justice. 
This, of course, fired the savag-e blood to the last deg^ree and 




■J -'*^'^- 



^^^.. 

^v^ 







OLD CHUKCH GROUP. FROM ANCIICNT SKETCHES. 

On the right is shown the first stone structure of this ancient Dutch people, built about 
1679, which stood nearly upon the site now occupied by the edifice pictured on the opposite 
page. The other sketch presents its appearance after its restoration from the fire of the 
Revolution. 

their distrust and enmity of the white trespasser was never 
afterward removed. The scalping- knife and the firebrand 
were at once resorted to without mercy. Not a settler's hut 
was left standing-. This was in the winter of 1()43, and the 
conflict lasted for two years. If previous to this there had 

n 



!*^^>^ 







O 



o 

a 

H 



P 

o 
u 

en 




THE OLD COURT HOUSE. 

Built early in the eighteenth century. State Constitution promulgateJ here April 22, 
1777, amid pealing bells and rejoicing. Governor Clinton inaugurated here July 27, 1777. 
Chief Justice Jay held first term Supreme Court here September, 9, 1777. 



been any white settlers in this P^sopus rcg-ion, all were now 
driven out. 

Thus it was not until 1(>5.> that the first permanent set- 
tlement was really established. Then 'J^homas Chambers, 
an Eng-lishman, Mattys Hendrix, Christopher Davis, Johan 
De Hulter, and several of their neig^hbors, " desiring- peace 
and comfort," removed from some disputed territory in the 
vicinity of Albany to this "exceeding-l}'^ beautiful land" of 
Esopus. Some 76 acres of land were given them by the 
natives, and more was afterward purchased. Other settlers 
came in rapidly. De Hulter boug-ht a thousand acres from 
the Indians in 1654, which were patented by his widow three 

15 




1. ELMENDORF TAVERN. Fair and Maiden Lane. Built 1723. Council of Safety met here. 

2. EXECUTIVE CHAMBER AND HOME OF GOV. CLINTON. Wall and North Front. Built in 1710. 

3. VAN STEENBERGH HOUSE, Wall and Franklin. 

4. BOGARDUS TAVERN, Fair and Maiden Lane. First State Assembly met here. 



years later. This tract was claimed by some to have cov- 
ered the site of Kino^ston ^'illat^e. 

But the little settlement was again scattered in 1655, 
because of the recurrence of the bitter Indian wars upon the 
Dutch at New Amsterdam. They fled from their homes 
and flocks, but returned in the fall when peace was declared. 

Thus in Ma}', 1<)5S, there were some sixty or seventy 
white people left in the Esopus settlement when thev ap- 
pealed to Governor Stuyvesant for assistance. Under his 
advice and direction they formed a villag-e and built a Stock- 
ade of defense ag"ainst the savag-e marauders, which was 
maintained for many years, becoming- the old villag^e of 
Kingston, and, later, the upper business section of the city. 
The wisdom of this fortification was soon apparent, for, 
althoug-h professing- friendship with the settlers, mutual dis- 
trust continued, and the whites were in continual fear of 
their lives and property at the hands of the red men. This 
culminated in another bloody massacre in which many suf- 
fered brutal torture and death. Governor Stuyvesant came 
from Manhattan with reinforcements in the fall of 1()59, and 
the little g-arrison was maintained. A formal declaration of 
war was issued in March, but peace was again effected dur- 
ing the summer, which ended the first Esopus war. 

On May 16, 1661, a formal charter was granted by Stuy- 
vesant, " Wiltwyck " being the name conferred, because the 
land was a free gift from the Indians. The houses at that 
time were principally built of logs, one story high, with a 
g'arret or loft. The Indian depredations continued from 
time to time. Instinctively the untutored savages felt they 
were the victims of injustice, and it rankled in their bosoms. 
Thus after only two years of corporate existence the poor 
settlers were again plunged into a scene of blood. Many 
were brutally slain and several homes were burned. There 
were then only about fifty houses in the place. 



17 




FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH, 

ALBANY AVENUE. 

In May, 1^)64, another peace was arrang-ed, and in the 
following- September, by the capitulation of New Amsterdam 
to the Eno-lish g-overnment, the control of the entire Ksopus 
reg-ion passed with it from the Dutch. This proved a lasting- 
treaty with the Indians as the Esopus chief, Sewackenamo, 
solemnly promised. It was ratified by the delivery of a 
Wampum belt, which is still treasured among the ancient 

19 




I 



p 

m 
I— ( 

O 

o 
o 

O 
< 



archives of Ulster county. It is believed that soon after this 
the name '' King-ston " was bestowed upon the settlement. 
In fact, on September 25, 1()()9, an ordinance was adopted 
chansring- the name from Esopus and Wiltwyck to Kingston. 
This was in compliment to Governor Lovelace, of Manhat- 
tan, whose mother's family had a seat at King-ston L'Isle, 
Berkshire, Eng-land. 

The Esopus burg-hers had now arrived at a season of 
prosperity. They were living- in what was then regarded as 
the greatest corn g-rowing region in the State of New York. 
Nearly all the settlers were Dutch, and their chag-rin over 
the prospect of Eng-lish domination may well be imagined. 
Thus it was that they were imbued with a ray of hope with 
the return of Dutch rule on the recapture of New York by 
the Dutch fleet in July, 1673. They hastened to chang-e the 
name of their village to '' Swanenburg-h." But their joy was 
short-lived for the province was restored to English rule in 
November, 1674, and remained thus until the Declaration of 
Independence, over a hundred years later. 

The Indian troubles were now over, councils and con- 
ferences wdth the red men taking- the place of war and mur- 
der. But there were other forms of oppression about to 
begin, which, thoug-h far less violent, w^ere destined to be- 
come even more serious and intolerable because of their 
o-reater injustice. But without referring- in detail to the 
history of the ancient settlement during the succeeding- cen- 
tury, under the various Governors sent here by King-s James 
11. and Georg-e II., so carefully recorded in Schoonmaker's 
History of Kingston, with the incomplete data in existence, 
it mav be said that during all this time the oppression of the 
people at the hands of dishonest and selfish rulers, who were 
pliant tools of foreign potentates, g-radually became unbeara- 
ble. Nowhere else in the province of New York was this 
tyranny more bitterly resented than here in Kingston where 
the old Dutch burghers had been tried in the fiery crucibles 




I 



of war and Indian devastation. Thus it was that in the final 
battle for Liberty, that culminated soon afterward, this peo- 
ple became distinctly noted in history as among- the truest 
and bravest patriots of the Revolution. It was a " pestifer- 
ous nest of traitors," in the eyes of the British forces. '' No 
taxation without representation," was the watchword of 
these settlers which became the war-cry of the immortal 
Declaration of Independence, and it never died. The sub- 
terranean mine of royalty and despotic rule, however un- 
consciously planted, was sure to explode. And when it did, 
there were more frag^ments to the square inch in King-ston 
than anywhere else in the American provinces. Wanton 
sport with human rig-hts would be tolerated no longer. 

Thus from the battle of Lexing-ton, in April, 1775, to the 
dawn of Liberty and Independence in 1782, the people of 
King-ston bore a conspicuous and honorable share in the 
g-reat strug-g-le for national life and the cause of Freedom. 
Many stirring- and important events that occurred in that 
formative period of the nation were enacted here, and some 
of them are fitly and publicly commemorated to this day. 

Most of the old wooden houses had long- since been 
replaced by very substantial dwelling-s of native limestone. 
So firmly built and masoned tog-ether were they that the 
hug-e walls are still intact, defying- the elements not only, but 
proving- almost impervious to the tools of workmen in cases 
of alteration or remodelling-. They are visited and examined 
with interest by sightseers from far and near. A few of 
these historic structures will be found pictured in this book. 

THE OLD STONE HOUSES. 

THE old Senate House on Clinton avenue, where the first 
Senate of the State of New York was org-anized and 
held its sessions, is among the most important of 
these. It was built in U)7(), and used as a private residence 
of the better class until the close of the Revolution. Then 

25 






<: 

p 
<^ 

o 
o 

H 
(/) 

O 



at the org-anization of the State g-overnment, which took place 
at King-ston in 1777, this house was used for the meeting-s of 
the Senate, the first session being- held there September 10, 
of that year. On the l()th of October, when the entire villag-e 
was pillag-ed and burned by the British under General 
\'aughan, this house was reduced to bare walls, like every 
other structure in the place save one. But for this calamity 
King-ston would probably have been selected as the capital of 
the State, as all the official business was transacted here, and 




PKES15VTEK1AN CHri\"CH, WUK IS SIKKKT. 



it was then reg-arded most central and easily accessible for 
the population. Tliis old house was (juickly restored, how- 
ever, and finally became the property of the State in 1887, to 
be preserved as a relic and memento of the historic past. It 
is daily visited by people from every land, who examine the 
rare collection of antiques and curios it contains wit'i absorb- 

27 



^^ 



III I { II il iff !i !l 



'j«s- ^- I * A^ -«- 



n 




CITY ALMS HOUSE, FLATBUSH AVENUE. 







r^: 



CITY HOSPITAL, BROADWAY. 



ing- interest. The only house which escaped the fire of 1777 
is known as the VanSteenberg-h house, on Wall street. This 
is still standings in a g^ood state of preservation, thoug-h 
slig-htly remodelled. 

Another most important old structure is the stone 
Court House, also on Wall street. The orig-inal Court House 
and Jail were erected in 1782. This was afterward rebuilt 
and finally replaced by the present structure in 1818. To 
this extensive additions have been made of the most modern 
and substantial character in recent years. And today this 
old Court House is reg-arded as one of the finest and best 
preserved stone building-s erected in the beg-inning- of the 
last century. In front of this building-, on some plank-cov- 
ered barrels, the first constitution of the State was read to 
the people, who had assembled at the call of the bell in the 
old church tower. Here, also, Governor Clinton, the first 
State Executive, was inaug^urated July 27, 1777. And in this 
building- Chief Justice Jay held the first term of the Supreme 
Court, September 9, 1777. In the rear, on Crown street, a 
model Jail building-, of hug^e native limestone blocks, rock- 
finished with chilled-steel fitting-s, has just been completed 
at a cost of 875,000. 

Among- other noted old houses, still standing-, is the 
Elmendorf Tavern, corner of Fair street and Maiden Lane. 
Here the Council of Safety met and was in session on the 15th 
of October, 1777, when the first news of Burg-oyne's surrender 
was received. It was built in 1723, Diag-onally across the 
street was the old Bog-ardus Tavern, now replaced, where 
the first Assemljly of the State met and many important 
social functions were held. On the corner of Wall and North 
Front, stood another important stone house which was used 
by Governor Clinton as the first Executive Chamber of the 
State. Another old stone house, still standing- on the corner 
of Crown and John streets, was opened as an Academy school 
in May, 1774. This structure, tog-ether with those of the 

29 



-X^ »'i.*V-< =•*! •►jLji^ ,^ 1. 




RESIDENCE OF HON. S. B. SHARPE. 




MONUMENT TO THE 120tH NEW YORK REGIMENT, 

Erected by Gen. George H. Sharpe. 




SOLDIERS' AND SAILOKS" MONUMENT. 



old Dutch Church, have a history coeval with the settlement 
of King-ston itself, and will be referred to more in detail in 
another paragraph. 

In 1783 Cong-ress and the Nation were eag-erly looking- 
for a suitable site for the national Capital. The people of 
King-ston, supported by the Leg-islature of the State, sent a 
petition offering- two square miles of land within the town 
for this purpose. For a time there were hopes of success, 

31 




NORTH FRONT STREET. 




WALL STREET. 




LOWER BROADWAY. 

as the offer was reg-arded with favor. But each State put in 
a claim for the honor and the choice finally fell elsewhere. 
Kingston village, proper, was duly incorporated by an act of 
the Legislature in April, 1805. 



FAVORED LOCATION. 

THK wisdom and foresight of the early settlers of Kings- 
ton in selecting this site have never been questioned. 
No other spot in the eastern part of the State has ever 
presented so many advantages for the building and develop- 
ment of a large city. Situated nearly midway between the 
Capital at Albany and the great metroi)olis of the western 
continent, at the mouth of the finest navigable river in Amer- 
ica, which flows along the eastern boundary for over two 
miles, with one great trunk railway passing through its 
3 33 




MAIN STREET, EAST OF FAIR. 




BROADWAY, FROM WEST SHORE. 



centre, and another reached by ferry, and three other im- 
portant railways terminating- here and reaching- out into the 
interior sections of the State, with important connections, it 
would indeed be difficult to overestimate its value as a rail- 
way and commercial centre. 

As a deep tidewater port it has no equal on the Hudson, 
and it has long- been the most important commercial port on 
the river. More steamboats and other vessels are owned 
and 0})erated here than at any other point, and the facilities 
for shipment by water are thus unexcelled. Four ret^ular 
passenger and freight steamers leave the city daily for New 
York, Albany and intermediate points during- the season of 
navigation. It also enjoys the distinction of having the 
fleetest river steamboat in the world, the Mary Powell, which 
makes daily trips to New York and return for five months 
in the year, swallowing- the intervening- miles at a marvelous 
rate. There are also numerous yachts plying- between local 
river points almost hourly. Something- over fifty regular 
trains either arrive at or leave the King-ston Union Depot 
daily during- the summer season, in addition to those on the 
New York Central road reached by ferr\^ All trains stop 
for lunch at Kingston. The palatial steamers, New York 
and Albany, of the Hudson River Day Line, land daily at 
King-ston Point, bring-ing- thousands for the Catskill Moun- 
tain trains, the suburban resorts and the noted River Park, 
at the Point, during- the summer. King-ston is the g-reat 
river g-ateway to the romantic Catskills where the only all- 
rail facilities are provided by the trains on the Ulster & Del- 
aware Railroad, which passes through and over the south- 
western portion of the rang^e to Oneonta, where connection 
is made with the Delaware & Hudson system, one hundred 
and eight miles from the Hudson. Solid throug-h trains are 
also run to the famous Greene county section, and much the 
larg-er share of this g-reat summer mountain traffic is by this 
route. 

35 



SCENIC ATTRACTIONS AND SANITARY 
ADVANTAGES. 

A LARGE part of the city is built upon a level, elevated 
plateau, about one hundred and fifty feet above the 
river, and sufficiently above the lowlands bordering^ 
the Esopus creek on the north to obviate all dang-er from 
floods or hig-h water. Its scenic environment, nestled here 
between the great mountains and the broad, deep flowing- 
river, with the terracing hills sloping gently to its margin, is 
famed at home and abroad for its beauty and attractiveness. 
Nobody with a spark of sentiment or love of nature can look 
out from the windows of the fine City Hall, which stands on 
a rockv knoll near the centre of the city, in any direction, with- 
out a thrill of admiration. The towering- mountain peaks of 
the eastern Catskills, that pierce the sky in the blue distance 
of the northwest, the Shawangunk range on the southwest, 
the Berkshire Hills over across the Hudson on the east, and 
right in the foreground, the city itself, with its many build- 
ing's, broad, shaded streets, tall spires, massive brick factory 
walls with chimneys and smoke stacks belching- smoke and 
steam, moving- trains, trolley cars, long- lines of freig-ht cars, 
and the low hum of industry floating- in the air. All this and 
more comes to the beholder at this municipal centre of 
King-ston. The fertile soil, the broad lawns and gardens 
that surround the homes of rich and poor, are all conducive 
to health and comfort. The air comes direct from the Cats- 
kills, distilled afresh each day in the mysterious laboratories 
of the skies. 



T 



THE WATER SUPPLY. 

HE citv water is also obtained from that great health lul 
mountain region, being gathered there among the foot- 
hills into three large reservoirs, and led to the city by 
g-ravitation through nearly seventeen miles of main pipes, and 
then distributed by forty-two miles of street mains. I'he 

37 







o 
e 

C/3 CO 

o 



O 






O 
P 

Oh 







I— ( 



< 



< z 

Z 

o 



1 



I 




RESIDPZXCE OP^ MKS. J. L. VAX DKUSEN. " CLOVIOKLV. '' 



storag-e supply is about 305,000,000 g-allons, and the averag^e 
daily consumption 3,076,830 g-allons. There is a double line 
of mains from the storage supply, one of twenty inches, the 
other eighteen. The mechanical filtration ])lant has a 
capacit}- of (),00O,U0(i gallons daily. The water is delivered 
at an average pressure uptown of one hundred pounds to 
the square inch, and in the lower portion of the city at one 
hundred and twentv pounds. The water shed embraces 
an area of tliirty-five s({uare miles. The total cost of the 
system was about SS40,000, and it is regarded as one of the 
most complete in the State. The water is exceptionally pure 
and wholesome. 

A general system of sanitary sewers is provided in most 
parts of the city, and it is gradually being extended throug-h 
the different wards. The first, second and ninth wards 
already have complete systems. 

41 




o 
o 



"A 






There is a perfectly equipped Gas and Electric plant 
which supplies lig-ht, fuel and power to all parts of the city 
at very reasonable rates. There are at present about twenty- 
live miles of street ^'•as mains, and the averag-e daily con- 
sumption is about ()(),0i»(» cubic feet. 




residi:nce of johx k. cokdts. 

Good local traveling- facilities to most any part of the 
city are afforded by two trolley lines to the extent of eight 
miles in the city limits. Both are under one manag-ement, 
with a convenient system of transfers. The overhead trol- 
ley wire is employed. The Fire Department consists of ten 
separate companies with a full and complete modern ecjuip- 
ment that is well kept. There are three hundred and sixty- 
nine street tire hydrants, from which water is received at a 
force sufficient to reach the hig-hest structures. There is 

43 




PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 

No. 7. No. 6. No. 8. No. 5. 



also an effective Electric Alarm system by which fires are 
definitely located at once. Damage from destructive fires 
is therefore reduced to the minimum by effective fighting 

appliances. 

There are about seventy-two miles of streets regularly 
laid out. Of these about forty-seven miles have been im- 
proved, either by Telford, granite block, asphalt block, shale- 




RESIDENCIC OF HON. CHAKF.ES M. PKKSTON. 

brick or cobblestone pavement, or firm stone Macadam, t.>p- 
dressed and smoothly rolled. The present average cost of 
maintaining and improving the city streets is about 822,000 
a year. 

The total assessment of property in the city, by the as- 
sessor's roll of 1901 is S11,2')S,2'»4. 

There are twenty-five churches, representing eight sep- 
arate religious sects or denominations. There is a well 
managed and modernly equipped Public Hospital, built on an 

45 




PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 

No. 2. No. 3. No. 9. No. 4. 




THK OLD ACADEMY, CORNHR JOHN AND CROWN STREETS. 

This ancient school was in full operation during the Revolution. Some of the 
most distinguished men of the country were educated here. 




KINGSTON ACADEMY, l'»()3. 

ACADEMY PARK. 




< 

O 

O 
I— t 

P 



< 




KINGSTON SAVINGS BANK. 



eminence near the City Hall; also a Free Public Library 
having- nearly five thousand volumes, for which a fine new 
building, costing- S3l 1, 000, the grift of Andrew Carnegfie, is now 

being- erected. 

The Young- Men's Christian Association has an eleg-ant 
new building in the central part of the city, erected at a cost 
of S4f),000. It includes a large public hall, a well fitted gym- 
nasium, reading room, parlors, and other convenient rooms. 
The association has over five hundred members and is under 
careful and progressive management, which labors efi^ec- 
tively for the welfare of the young men. 

49 




AMERICAN CIGAR FACTORY. 




.i 



r 1 












RESIDENCE OF GEORGE J. SMITH. 




.1 



MANUFACTURING INTERESTS. 

TllK character and extent of the industrial operations of 
Kingston are pointed to with pride in view of the fact 
that so large a share has come into existence or been 
developed within very recent years. Its peculiar advantages 
as a manufacturing- location have gradually come into public 
notice, and without any very aggressive effort on the part 
of the municipality or its conservative citizenship. 

There are a goodly number of wealthy residents, de- 
scendants of the good old Dutch stock, who, possessing 
enough of this world's goods for the comfort of themselves 
and their families, and finding the place most desirable for 
permanent residence, rarely stopped to consider the benefits 
which would ensue from an increase of population and the in- 
troduction of a large amount of live, new^ capital. But with 
the advent of the West Shore Railway came an important 
impetus in the development of the city in every way. and 
especially in manufacturing pursuits. New mechanical 
plants were constructed in different parts of the city, and 
new elements of social life were introduced. The population 
was increased nearly one-third in a few years and new build- 
ings went up in every direction. The two old villages of 
Kingston and Rondout, which had recently joined hands into 
the present city, now began to grow together in the centre 
and soon obliterated all appearance of the old division lines. 

Thus today, nearly two hundred and thirty-three years 
after the first adoption of the name Kingston, and thirty 
years since its incorporation as a city, the manufacturing 
interests represent a total capital of over three and a half 
million dollars, employing 4,S70 persons, with a weekly pay- 
roll aggregating over $37,000, producing articles annually 
valued'at over $5,000,000. It will thus be seen that at the 
present time nearly one-tifth of the people in Kingston are 
eno-atred in manufacturing pursuits within the limits of the 

51 



city, and they are receiving-, on an averag^e for men, women 
and children, a little over SI. 21 per dav in wag^es. It should 
be said, however, that a few of these operatives live outside 
the city, and fui-tluT. that a larg-e number are young- g-irls. 
Something- over thirtv separate industries are included in 
this list, and some fifty or more different plants. 

The larg-est single industry is that of cig-ar-making-. 
One of the larg-est cigar factories in the United States is in 
full operation here in the centre of the city, turning- out an 







V 












■M<Vf 









,'innrF 



'^f^:x 



UI.STKK COUNTY SAVINGS INSTITITTION. 

annual product valued at nearly two million dollars. It was 
started in ISSb and is now owned by the American Cigar 
Company. A picture of this factory is presented on another 
page, but it is now being greatly enlarged. And in addition 
there is another large buildingdevoted wholly to the mechan- 
ical and co.istruction department where all the accessories 
used in the various factories of the company throughout the 

53 




YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION ROOMS 

AND HALL. 




THE HUNTINGTON. 




THK KIRK LAND. 



country are made. In this extensive plant four hundred and 
ninety-three men and boys, and one thousand three hundred 
young- women are steadily employed, with room for more. 
The weekly payroll is SlO.400, and 250,000 cig-ars are made 
every day. 

Next in extent and importance is the fine new plant of 
the Peckham Manufacturing- Company, which is also illus- 
trated in this book. Car trucks, steam snow plows, etc., are 
the leading- articles made, and the product is widely dis- 
tributed in this and foreign lands. Half a million dollars 
capital and two hundred and fifty men are employed, and 

55 




RESIDENCE OF HON. JACOB RICE. 




RESIDENCE OF FRANK A. PALEN. 



the product for 1<)01 was valued at $531,000. The factory 
plant and all its appliances are models of their kind. 

The Rosendale Cement interest is another large industry 
for which the rej^ion has long- been famous. Some four hun- 
dred and thirty men are now employed in the city limits, turn- 
ing- out over $400,000 in manufactured products. Nearl}' all 
the various plants have recently been merg-ed into the con- 
trol of a sing-le company. Brickmaking- is also extensively 
carried on along- the river front. Some $450,000 in capital 
and about eig-ht hundred and sixty men are eng-ag-ed in this 
work during- the season, and the average output is over 
$250,000. Bluestone, which is so extensively quarried in the 
mountain districts west of the city, is also finished and 
shaped for use by machinery in the lower part of the city. 
In this work one hundred and fifty skilled men are employed, 
with an annual product of $200,000. 

Manufacturers of builders' woodwork report an annual 
output of $314,000, with eighty-seven men engaged. The 
making of engines, boilers and other machinery employs 
two hundred and seventy-eight men yielding an annual pro- 
duct valued at $350,000. Two shirt factories turn out that 
useful garment to the value of $200,000 a year, with thirty 
men and two hundred and sixty-five women. Lager beer is 
brewed to the value of $180,000, employing thirty-four men. 
Brushes of various kinds are made in a well equipped factory 
to the value of $100,000 with forty-five men and eighty boys 
engaged. A Tin-Foil and Bottle-Cap plant turns out $125,000 
worth of this novel product every year with nineteen men 
and fifty-four women. Ribbed underwear is made in a Knit- 
ting Mill to the extent of $100,000 a vear, employing eight 
men and seventy women. Proprietary medicines, including 
several well known and widely advertised preparations are 
put up here with a market value of $125,000 a year, 3255,000 
in capital being devoted to the business. The annual pro- 
duct of Gas and Electricity, with a capital of $280,000 and 

57 




DR. SAHLER'S SANITARIUM. 




W^' 



^ 








STUYVESANT STREET. 



seventy men, is valued at 880,000. Cider and Vineg-ar are 
made at an annual value of over 8122,000. Clocks and 
Bronzes have a large factory, with some fifty operatives, 
producing- an annual product of 875,000, with a capital of 
852,000. Some fifty men are engaged in l)uilding Boats and 
Barges on the Rondout creek, and they turn out over 860,000 
worth of these vessels in a year. House Furniture is made 
to the value of 8100,ti00. Candies, Confections and Ice Cream 
reach a value of nearly 8lO(i,000. Corn Meal and Feed are 
ground to the value of 8S0,000, and Soap is made in a long 
established factory to the extent of 860,000, Manv other 
smaller industries might well be named. 

Thus it will be seen that it is no idle boast to speak of 
Kingston as a manufacturing town of importance. The 
facts amply warrant the claim. And yet there is room for 
more. Many excellent sites for manufacturing plants of 
most any description may still be had at advantageous prices 
and on favorable terms. There are also fine building lots 
on the best streets of the city upon which to build more of 
these handsome homes and plant gardens and lawns where 
one can enjoy the best there is in life and be happy with his 
family. All may be had at reasonable prices and the city 
architects are full of new ideas for the outward adornment 
and the interior utility and convenience of such dwellings. 

SCHOOLS AND CHURCHES. 

Too much can scarcely be said of the educational and 
religious facilities of Kingston. No other place of its 
size in the State can boast of a more complete and pro- 
gressive equipment for the acquirement of true and honorable 
citizenship. None other is better fitted for the training of 
practical men and women. Kingston Academy is the oldest 
college preparatory school in the State and one of the best. It 
is the alma mater of many men and women who have achieved 

59 



THK MARY POWELL. 

THE GREYHOUND OF THE HUDSON. 




KINGSTON OPERA HOUSE. 



honor and distinction in various walks of life. The school 
was founded in 1774, and, with the exception of about four 
months after its destruction by the British forces in the 
burning- of King-ston in 1777, reg^ular school sessions have 
been held without interruption for the past 12S 3'ears. A 
picture of this ancient school building- appears on another 
pag-e, also that of the present Academy and central school, 
and other structures in separate districts. The whole is 
now under the manag-ement of a Board of Kducation with an 
efficient superintendent. A hig-h standard is carefully main- 
tained, and graduates of the academy are received into any 
colleg-e or scientific school in the country. The school build- 
ing's and all their fitting's are of the most modern character, 
and there is a free school library of many thousand volumes. 
A fine new structure has just been completed at a cost of 
over $42,000. All of these school structures have been 
specially eng-raved for this work and will be found grouped 
on previous pag^es. 

Spencer's Business Colleg-e, on John street, is a larg-e 
and successful school for the equipment of young- men and 
women for business life. It is devoted to stenog-raphy, type- 
writing-, teleg-raphv, bookkeeping-, and kindred branches, 
and positions are found for competent "graduates. 

The church facilities and advantag-es for relig^ious in- 
struction and Christian intercourse of every kind, are alike 
ample and complete. Being- the first place in the State to 
establish an educational institution, King-ston was also among- 
the very first to org-anize a relig^ious society and build a 
church where the people could worship God in their own way 
untrammeled by the rules of a monarchy. It is now two 
hundred and forty-three years ag-o that the first relig-ious 
organization was started here by Dominie Harmanus Blom, 
who came from Holland for that purpose. This was the be- 
g-inning- of the old Dutch Church society, which now worships 
in one of the finest old church edifices in the State, having- a 

61 







ENTRANCE TO WILTWYCK CEMETERY. 



beautiful and elaborate interior of the most substantial char- 
acter, a most fitting- example of the older style of church 
architecture. The first building- was erected in 1661, within 
the stockade and almost upon the site of the present edifice 
on the corner of Wall and Main streets. Althoug-h small and 
rudely built of logs it was then regarded as wonderfully 
"substantial and convenient." In 1679 the first stone church, 
forty-five by sixty, was built on the old site. This was en- 
larg-ed and improved from time to time, and was finally de- 
stroyed in the fire of 1777. The walls were from three to 
four feet thick and model examples of masonry. These 
solid walls were at once utilized in the new structure that 
was soon completed and equipped with a bell cast in Amster- 
dam, Holland. Pictures of these buildings are shown 
elsewhere in this book. For many years the services were 

62 



in the Dutch lang-uag-e, which was then the universal ver- 
nacular here. The ancient records of this church are 
documents of peculiar interest to the anti([uarian, and from 
them much valuable historic data, not otherwise available, 
has been obtained. In 1850 a part of this church society left 
and built a new edifice which has since been known as the 
Second Dutch Church. Another branch formed a Presby- 
terian society, which is now the First Presbyterian Church 

on Elmendorf street. 

Among^ the newer church building's is the St. James 

Methodist, corner of Fair and Pearl streets, built of Penn- 
sylvania serpentine stone with Ohio trimming-s, at a cost of 
$75,000. It is one of the handsomest in the city, as will be 
seen by the picture presented. In addition to these named 
there are some twenty-three other church building-s, making- 
up the following- list: Four Dutch Reformed, five Methodist, 
two Presbyterian, two Baptist, three Episcopalian, five 
Roman Catholic, two Jewish Synagogues, three Lutheran, 
one Union Children's. Many are large and well fitted, and 
there is a wholesome Christian influence prevailing-. Muni- 
cipal, county and state laws are g-enerally respected and 
fairly enforced ; and the moral atmosphere of King-ston is 
believed to compare favorably with that of other eastern 
cities of its size. 



MERCANTILE AFFAIRS. 

THE stores and business houses of Kingston are nu- 
merous, substantial and extensive. Many are long- 
established and widely known, others are of more 
recent orig-in but with every appearance of permanency. 
All are in a prosperous condition and enjoying an exten- 
sive trade. Kingston is clearly a mercantile city, and 
is developing rapidly in this respect, covering- a wide 
rang-e of interests and reaching over a large section of 

63 



country in every direction. An extensive wholesale trade 
is now carried on here in different lines, by responsible 
firms with larg-e capital. In addition to a steady increase 
in local patronage these houses do a larg-e business in the 
surrounding towns and counties of the State. This i& 
especially true in wholesale groceries, flour, feed, furniture, 
tobacco, drugs, boots and shoes, fruit, machinery, etc. The 
retail merchants are also very enterprising in the develop- 
ment of their business. There being strong and lively com- 
petition, extensive newspaper advertising is steadily resorted 
to, and various other methods for the introduction of goods 
and an increase of patronage over a wide territory are dili- 
gently employed. 

In this way the retail trade in staple and fancy articles- 
has increased enormously in Kingston the last few years. 
Department stores have been introduced and modern 
methods adopted, popular prices have come in, new stores- 
have gone up in different parts of the city, other stores have 
been greatly enlarged and improved and there is a notable 
spirit of progress in every business block. To all this the 
people have responded liberally, and the volume of trade for 
the past year is far in excess of any previous year in the his- 
tory of the city. There are really two leading retail business- 
sections; one in the upper or western end, and the other in 
the lower part on the Rondout creek. This is due to the 
two old villages of Kingston and Rondout which were com- 
bined in the present municipality, each having its own busi- 
ness section during the separate corporate existence. It is 
moreover still convenient to the residents of both ends of 
the city. 

There is also an opera house in each of these sections, 
that known as the Kingston Opera House being handsomely 
fitted with every modern appliance for dramatic and other 
public entertainments. There are also several other smaller 
public halls. 

64 



There are eig-ht Banks, three of which are Savings 
Banks. The five other banks have an aggregate capital of 
81,000,000, and the saving's banks show deposits amounting to 
S5,'»23,44<), an increase of S227, 117 during the last six months. 
The leading- social clubs are known as the Kingston 
and the Rondout Clubs, with several others of varying 
character. 

The hotels are numerous and well kept. Among the 
larg-er and leading houses are the Eagle, Mansion House, 
Clinton House and the old Kingston Hotel. 

A fine city Alms House stands on a commanding site 
in the northeastern limits, and is well managed. 

The Industrial Home for orphan and indigent children 
is a worthy institution for which a handsome new building is 
about to be erected through the general interest and co-oper- 
ation of the public, to be completed within a few months. 
Since the organization in 1876, over 1,000 needy children 
have been cared for. About seven hundred of these were 
placed into entirely new homes, and the remainder were 
returned to their families. Those placed out have been 
carefully visited and watched over during their early years 
by the lady managers, and the records show that scarcely 
any of these have failed to become a credit to the care that 
shielded them in infancy. The special object is the tempo- 
rary care of the indigent and dependent children of Ulster 
county, guarding them from contaminating influences and 
enabling them to become valuable members of society. 
Those received from the city or county authorities are 
charged a small amount for support, which is paid from the 
public funds. Many, however, are brought by a parent or 
relative during some temporary time of need. 

The Kingston l^ost Office is one of the most important 

in the JIudson river valley. The present annual receipts 

aggregate about $45,000 and are increasing at the rate of 

S3,000 a year. Nearly S200,0(io a year are handled by the 

.7 65 



money order division, and over 41,000 pieces of registered 
matter pass through the office. There are two sub-sta- 
tions and a very complete free delivery system. A much 
needed Public Building-, to cost $80,000, has just been 
ordered by Congress and will soon be under contract. 

The City Hall is a most imposing structure, built of 
Philadelphia pressed brick with stone trimmings at a cost of 
$75,000. It contains the Council Chambers, City Court 
rooms, Health, Water and Street Departments, Police Head- 
quarters and the offices of the various other city officials. 
The tower stairway leads to a magnificent outlook over the 
city and surrounding country. In front, facing Broadway, 
is a fine soldiers' monument, erected by Ulster county in 
honor of the fallen patriots in the Rebellion. Another line 
monument has a conspicuous site in the old church yard, 
corner of Fair and Main streets. This was erected by the 
late General George H. Sharpe, as Colonel of the 120th Regi- 
ment, New York State Volunteers, to the "undying re- 
nown of the rank and file " of that regiment, which bore 
so conspicuous a part in the war for the Union ; it being 
one of the three hundred fighting regiments of the war. 
This regiment, as well as the old Twentieth and the 15()th 
N. Y. Volunteers, was recruited from Ulster and Greene 
counties and organized in Kingston. 

A fine State Armory on central Broadway, which is 
shown in the view of upper Kingston, on a previous page, is 
now occupied by Company M, of the National Guard. This 
company formed a part of the First Regiment in the late war 
with Spain. 

The Sanitarium of Dr. C. O. Sahler, on lower Wall street, 
is an institution worth_y of mention. Although established 
only about three years ag-o, over 2,000 patients have already 
been treated, and with signal success. These came from 
nearly every State in the Union, and men and women of 
prominence in science and the professions have been among" 

66 



L^t, 



the number. In addition to the reg-ular medical treatment, 
the Doctor employs that of psycho-therapeutics, a system 
upon which he has g^iven much orig-inal research and largely 
developed during- the past few years, laboring- enthusiasti- 
cally and with apparent success. 



ROADS AND DRIVES. 

THE public roads in the city sul)urbs have been g-reatly 
improved during- recent years by an enterprising- Road 
Association, backed by a g-rowing- public sentiment in 
favor of good roads, which beg-an with the advent of the bicy- 
cle, and has been fostered by it. Smooth and permanent 
stone Macadam roads took the place of deep sand and ruts, and 
are now maintained. Upon these, driving- and wheeling- are 
now a comfort and pleasure at any season of the year. The 
level country toward the north, and the comparatively level 
conditions in other directions, afford easy drives and fine 
wheelings for many miles, with an attractive wayside at all 
times. Among- these popular drives are the Saug-erties 
road, out along- the winding- Esopus creek, with the g-lorious 
Catskills rising- boldly in the near backg-round on the left, 
and through the fertile farms ; the noted River Drive, out on 
Fatbush avenue and along- the charming- Hudson ; the Hur- 
ley road, up the Esopus creek and into the fertile interior ; 
Lucas avenue, out to the g-roup of Binnewater lakes and Lake 
Mohonk ; the Rosendale road, into the cement mining- sec- 
tion and along- the Rondout creek and the old Delaware & 
Hudson Canal ; the Mountain road, along- the Ulster & Del- 
aware Railroad and into the big- hills, and the River Drive 
south into the famous fruit growing- region. 

The Catskill Mountains and Lake Mohonk are both 
witliin easv driving distance in the summer, and fro(iuent 
day trips to these points are made. They are, of course, 
among the loveliest and most popular mountain summer 

67 



resorts in the United States, The long- Ulster & Delaware 
trains to the Catskills are daily features of the city during" 
the summer. Many mountain visitors stop over in the city 
to see the historic place; its old stone houses, its ancient and 
famous school and church, with its curious old tombstones, 
the old Senate House with its cherished relics, and the hand- 
some old Court House. Other strang-ers pass the summer 
here in the cool shades of the g-reen Catskills, enjoying- the 
shaded streets, the pure city water, the line drives and the 
quiet and healthful air of the mountain foothills. 

There are six newspapers published in the city, three 
dailies and three weeklies. The King-ston Freeman and the 
King^ston Express are issued every evening-, and the King-s- 
ton Leader every morning-. The Freeman and Leader each 
issues a weekly edition, and the King-ston Weekly Arg-us is 
the oldest paper in the city. 

THE KINGSTON BOARD OF TRADE. 

THIS is an association of business men, to which the 
reader is indebted for this book. The record shows 
that the first successful labor of the Board was the 
establishment of the Powell, Smith & Company Cigar Fac- 
tory here in 1886. That firm beg-an business in the Lawton 
building, but soon outg-rew its quarters there with its five 
hundred employes and, desiring- to increase that number to 
seven hundred and fifty, the Board was asked to fulfil its 
promise of assistance in the purchase of a suitable site for 
the erection of a larg-e factory. 

At the annual meeting- of the Board, December 16, 1890, 
Reuben Bernard was re-elected president, with the following- 
associate officers : A. S. Staples, vice-president ; John Mc- 
Causland, corresponding- secretary ; John E. Kraft, record- 
ing- secretary, and Georg-e B. Merritt, treasurer. The 
Executive Committee consisted of S. D. Coykendall, Dr. 

68 



I 



David Kennedy, Albert Terry, William M. Hayes, R. C. 
Hubbard and N. K. IJrodhead. 

It was then voted to raise $4,000 for the purchase of the 
lot, corner of Broadway and Pine Grove avenue, for the 
Powell, Smith & Company factory. The building was at 
once erected and has been most successfully operated ever 
since, it beings now owned by the American Cigar Company. 
As stated on a previous page, this plant is now employing 
about one thousand eight hundred persons and paying about 
$10,400 in wages weekly, with an annual output valued at 
nearly $2,000,000. 

Since then the Board has been instrumental in estab- 
lishing the Herbert Brush Factory, and the Millen and 
Fuller Shirt factories. It was also influential in the con- 
struction of the extensive plant of the Peckham Manufac- 
turing Company. Its most recent success is the closing of 
negotiations for the Brill Lace Manufacturing Company, for 
which an immense new plant is now being erected near the 
centre of the city, which promises to be a great addition to 
the industrial interests. 

This Board also proposed and helped to secure free 
postal delivery to all parts of the city, and actively supported 
the movement for the new Federal Post Office building, 
for which a site is now being selected. 

Since the retirement of Mr. Bernard as president, the 
office has been ably filled by Messrs. George J. Smith and 
Edward T. Stelle. At the present time it has a membership 
of 138, which is the largest in its history and embraces the 
leading and most progressive business citizens. As the 
result of this organized effort the last annual report shows 
that factories induced to locate here by this Board are now 
turning out goods to the value of over $3,000,000 annually, 
and employing over 2,000 persons, to whom about $12,500 is 
paid in weekly wages. 

69 



In the furtherance of this gfood work of business devel- 
opment and commercial prosperity it is hoped that many 
strangfers will be led to inquire and make personal investig"a- 
tion regfarding- the advantages of Kingston, both for business 
and as a place of residence. To all such full information 
and assistance wall be g-ladly extended and every facility 
offered. 

For some of the illustrations in this work credit is due 
to Mr. R. L. De Lisser, Mr. James V. Bruyn, Mr. Julius 
Schoonmaker, Capt. A. E. Anderson, the Kingston Water 
Department and the Kingston Consolidated Railroad Com- 
pany, to all of whom the thanks of the Board are hereby 
extended. 



Officers of the Kingston Board of Trade. 



JAMES H. EVERETT, 
L. B. VAN WAGENEN, } 
JOHN J. CAMPBELL, f 
CHARLES L. McBRIDE, 
WILLIAM J. TURCK, Jr., 



President 

Vice-Presidents 

Secretary 
Treasurer 



List of Members, 1902. 



Alliger, John B. 
Amundsen, J. N. 
Anderson A. E. 
Anderson & Turck. 
Bacharach, Levi 
Baker & Son. 
Bannon, L. F. & Co. 
Barmann, Peter 
Barmann, Peter, Jr. 
Belcher, A. N. 
Bernard, Reuben 
Bernstein, Samuel 
Betts, James A. 
Block, Morris 
Bloss, Henry 
Boice, Hewitt 
Brodhead & Van Wagenen. 
Bruyn Paper Co. 
Biirgevin, Valentin, Sons. 
Burhans, Charles 
Burtsell, Rev. R. L. 
Campbell & Dempsey. 
Canfield Sujiply Co. 



Carl, Herbert 
Clarke, F. J. R. 
Cohen, S. 
Connelly Drug Co. 
Cragan, Dr. C. B. 
Crispell, H. S. Co. 
Covkendall, S. D. 
Decker, C. V. A. 
Dederick, W. F. 
Derrenbacher, J. E. 
Derrenbacher, William 
Dewey, F. D. 
DeWitt Bros. 
DeWitt, Richard 
Dolson, Walter C. 
Doolan, John 
Drake, Mortimer C 
Dwyer Bros. 
Eastman, O. L. 
Eighmey, S. E. 
Elting, Louis & Sons. 
Elting, Philip 
Everett & Treadwell. 



70 



Forst, Jacol) 

Foi-svth & Davis. 

FowUt, J. M. 

Gallau'her. Fred. 

Grant, U. S. 

Green, W. S. 

Gregory & Barnes. 

Hamilton. W. C. 

Harris. Jacob 

Hart, G. A. 

Hauck, George Brewing Co. 

Hendricks. Howard 

Henkel, A. A. 

Herbert Brush Co. 

Herold. Louis W. 

Hiltebraut, C. 

Hiltebrant. W. 

Hohnes. W. F. 

Hughes. S. A. 

Hutton, Jos. & Son 

Jacobs. Marks 

Johnston. B. W. 

Johnston. W. G. & Bro. 

Kaphm Bros. 

Kaats, Aaron 

Kennedy, Gilbert 

Kent, W. J. 

Kiersted, J. A. 

Kingman. Samuel F. 

Kingston Leader. 

Klock. J. E. 

Larkin, M. Jr. 

Larsen, Chris. 

Lichtig, W. 

Loiighran. Bernard 

Lowe & Snyder. 

Matthews & Harri.sou. 

McBride, Charles L. 

McCullough, William 

McLean, Joseph 

Measter, Peter 

Merikle. George H. 

Moore, M. E. 

Murray, C. A. 

Myer, Howard 

Myers, M. B. 



O'Hara. Thomas, Jr. 

Palen. Frank 

Palen. Jerome 

Peckham Manufacturing Co. 

Phinnev. James E. 

Powell' Charles E. 

Preston. C. M. 

Quincev, INI. B. 

Ratferty. W. F. 

Reiser & Beichert. 

Rider, W. H. 

Rilev. John J. 

Rods. A. M. 

Sahloff. William 

Salznian, J. W. 

Schemerhorn. Charles A. 

Schnitzler. J. A. 

Schultz & Bogart. 

Scudder. Samuel 

Smith. George J. 

Spalt, John 

Staples, Alva S. Jr. 

Staples, Stephen 

Starkev, H. A. 

Stelle, Edward T. 

Stow, D. B. 

Stephan, Frederick 

Sturgeon, Alexander 

Styles, A. A. & C. R. 

Thompson. A W. 

Teichler, A. 

Teller, Mvron 

Tobey, F. J. 

Tongue. James & Son. 

Terrv. David 

Van Etten & Hogan. 

Van Leuven. James 

Van Keuren. W. S. 

We])er, p]dward 

Wilkinson, W. H. 

Wilson & Wolven. 

Wieber, H. E. 

Winne, A. E. & J. S. 

Winne. L. S. & Co. 

Woltt', B. D. 

Wood. Charles S. 



^ 



v'.^: 



^::i 



^:^ 






AUG 1 5 1902 



AU8H1902 



t COPY DEL. TOC/>T niv. 
AUG. 15 1902 



AUG. 20 1902 



